tourism知识点总结
tourism知识点总结 第一篇
一. advance的用法
▲构词：advanced adj. 高等的．先进的，高深的
▲搭配：
① in advance 在前头，预先，事先
② in advance of 在……前面；比……进步；超过
③ on the advance (物价)在上涨
【考例】It is said that Miss White had some difficulty in studying the ____ maths.
A. improved B. developed C. advanced D. increased
[考查目标] 本题考查形容词advanced与近义词的区别。
[答案与解析]C “高等数学”的英译是advanced maths，advanced意思是“先进的。高级的”。
二. before 的特殊用法
(一) He had run out of the room before I could stop him.我还没来得及拦住他，他就跑出了屋子。
(二) Three weeks went by before We knew it. 三周过去了，我们才意识到。(或：时间不知不觉已过三周了。)
(三) It wasn't / didn't take long before he returned.他没过多久就回来了。
It won't be long before we graduate. 不要过多久我们就要毕业了。
三. chance的用法
▲搭配：
① by any chance 万一，碰巧，或许
② by chance 偶然，意外地
③ take a / one's chance 冒一冒险，碰碰运气，利用一下机会
【考例六】 (二零零五南京模拟)Most of the ___are in seasonal work, mainly connected with tourism and agriculture.
A. work B. luck C. chances D. services
[考查目标] chance的词义。
[答案与解析] C chance在本句的词义是“机会”。
四. consider v.
(一) 考虑
A) consider + n. / doing
I consider going abroad.
B) consider + 疑问词 + to do
You have to consider what to do next.
(二) 认为
A) consider + n. (+as / to be) + n. / adj.
I consider Mary as / to be my best friend.
They considered Paris the brain and heart of the country.
B) consider + n. + to have done
I consider him to have acted disgracefully.
除了consider…as…表认为外，还有regard…as
…，look on…as…，take…as…，think of…as…
五. cost的用法
▲ 构词：costly adj. 昂贵的，贵重的
▲ 搭配：
① cost sb. sth. 花费某人(多少钱)；让某人付出(代价)／牺牲……
② at all costs 不惜任何代价．无论如何
③ at any cost 不惜任何代价，无论如何
④ at cost (price) 按成本价格，按原价
⑤ at the cost of 以……为代价，用……换来的；丧失；牺牲
【考例】They wondered how much this kind of car would ____ them.
A. pay B. spend C. cost D. waste
[考查目标] 本题考查cost和它的几个近义词的区别。
[答案与解析] C cost的意思是“耗费”，主语是指物的
名词．而pay和spend等的主语是指人的名词。
六. effect n. 效果；作用
have an effect on sth.
His words had a great pushing effect on his students.
(一) be of no effect 无效
(二) come into effect 开始生效；开始实行
[比较] affect vt. 影响 The climate affected the amount of the rainfall.
七. experience的用法
▲构词: experienced adj. 有经验的，熟练的
▲搭配:
① by experience 凭经验；从经验中
② from experience 凭经验；从经验中
③ gain experience in… 获得……经验
④ be experienced in… 某方面有经验
▲友情提示: experience这个词作为可数名词用时，解释为“经历”，作为不可数名词用时解释为“经验”。
【考例】 (二零零五山西模拟) ____teaches that he was right. Good friendship is just not easily formed.
A. Knowledge B. Teachers C. Experience D. Parents
[考查目标] experience的意思。
[答案与解析] C experience常为不可数名词，意思是“经验”。
八. fear n. & vt.
(一) n. 恐惧 (多作不可数名词)
His face was growing pale with fear.
忧虑；担心的事(可数)
There is no reason for your fears.
for fear of 由于怕……，以防
He left an hour earlier for fear of missing his train.
for fear (that) 惟恐；怕的是；以防
She worried for fear that the child would be hurt.
in fear of 害怕；担心
The thief was in fear of the police.
(二) v. 恐惧；害怕，接 n. / pron.
Cats fear big dogs.
恐惧；害怕，接to do
Don't fear to tell the truth.
恐怕；担心，接从句
She feared that she might not find him in his room.
▲构词：fearful adj. 可怕的，严重的；惧怕的，胆怯的；担心的，忧虑的 fearless adj. 不怕的，大胆的，勇敢的，无畏的
▲搭配：
① be in fear (of) (为……而)提心吊胆
② for fear of 因为怕；以免，怕的是
③ for fear that-clause 生怕；为了防止(某事发生)
④ have a fear that-clause 担心／怕(发生某事)
⑤ with fear 吓得，怕得
⑥ fear (vi.) for... 担心／忧虑……
【考例】(二零零四江苏)He got to the station early, ____ missing his train.
A. in case of B. instead of
C. for fear of D. in search
[考查目标] fear构成的短语的用法和意思。
[答案与解析]C for fear of 常在句中作状语，意思是 “怕的是……。担心……”。
九. fun n. 高兴；乐趣；有趣的人或事
(一) for fun 为了高兴；为着好玩
I only did it for fun.
(二) make fun of 开……的玩笑；取笑
It is wrong to make fun of a cripple.
[比较]
(一) laugh at 笑(某人)；嘲笑
It's unkind to laugh at a person who is in trouble.
(二) play a joke on 开(某人的)玩笑
一零. means n. 手段；办法
(一) by means of 用……；依靠……
The water may be carried by means of a pipe.
(二) by all means 一定；务必；(表示同意)当然可以，没问题：务必，无论如何，千方百计地
Try by all / every means to persuade him to come.
(三) by no means 完全不是；一点也不；决不
This is by no means the first time you have been late.
还有： by this means 用这种方法； by any means 用一切可能的方法或手段
【考例】(MET 一九九一)Students sometimes support them- selves by ____ of evening job.
A. ways B. offers C. means D．helps
[考查目标] by means of 短语的意思。
[答案与解析] C by means of 的意思是“通过某种手段”。
一一. normal adj. 正常的；正规的
the normal temperature, normal behavior
(一) regular 规则的；有规律的
keep regular hours 生活有规律；按时作息
(二) common普通的；常见的
Tom is a common name in Britain. 共有的；共同的
have a common interest 有着共同爱好
(三) usual 惯常的；惯例的
It's usual with him to go to the office on foot.
(四) ordinary 平凡的；普通的 in ordinary dress
一二. once的用法
▲ 搭配：
① all at once 突然；同时
② at once 立刻，马上；同时
③ (every) once in a while 偶尔，有时，间或
④ for this once (= for once，just for once) 就这一次； 破例一回
⑤ more than once 不止一次，多次
⑥ not once 一次也不
⑦ once again / more再一次
⑧once and again一再，再三
⑨ once or twice 一两次；有时，偶尔
⑩ once too often又(多了)一次
once upon a time从前
【考例】(二零零四上海) ____ we have learned something, additional learning increases the length of time we will remember it.
A. Before B. Once C. Until D. Unless
[考查目标] 连词once的用法和词义。
[答案与解析] B once在作连词使用时意思是“一旦”。
一三. prefer v. 宁愿；更喜欢
(一) prefer + n. / pron.
The boy preferred a detective story.
(二) prefer + v. -ing
Do you prefer living abroad?
(三) prefer + to do
She prefers to live among the working people.
(四) prefer sb. to do sth.
She preferred him to stay at home.
(五) prefer + n. / pron. / doing + to + n. / pron. / doing 喜欢……而不喜欢 I prefer the town to the country. / While he was in the office he preferred doing something to doing nothing.
(六) prefer to do...rather than do = would rather do ... than do... 宁愿……而不愿 I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus.
(七) prefer + 从句(谓语动词用should do，should可省略) She preferred that he should do it in the kitchen.
一四. protect的用法
▲ 构词：protection n. 保护(者/物)，防御
▲ 搭配：protect sb from / against 防止……遭受……；使……免于，保护……使不受
【考例】 (MET 一九九二) Clarke was greatly admired at the club for the successful ____.
A. self-satisfaction B. self-protection
C. self-respect D. self-service
[考查目标] protect及其派生词的词义。
[答案与解析]B self-protection是名词，意思是“自我保护”。
一五. separate的用法
▲ 构词：separation n. [U]分开，分离
▲ 搭配：
① separate A from B 把A和B分开
② A is separated from B by… A和B为……所分开／阻隔
③ separate sth (up) into… 把……分成(几分)
▲辨析：separate; divide; part 都含“分开”的意思。
separate 指“把原来在一起的人或物分开”。例如: Separate those two boys who are fighting, will you? (你)把那两个打架的孩子拉开，好吗?
divide 指“施加外力或自然地把某人或某物由整体分成若干部分”。
part指“把密切相关的'人或物分开”，还有“分手”之意。
【考例】(NMET 二零零一)As we joined the big crowd I got ____ from my friends.
A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed
[考查目标] 动词separate的词义。
[答案与解析] A separated和get搭配有被动意义，表
示“被隔开；被分隔”。
[牛刀小试一]
用所给单词的适当形式填空：
(advance, means, cost, protect, fear, separate)
一. The teacher improved the students' English by ____ of dictation and recitation. (means)
二. All the goods ___me almost half a million dollars. (cost)
三. We must ____ the wild animals from the hunting. (protect)
四. Every baby should be ____ after he is horn. (separated)
五. None of them ____ death when the enemy came into the village. (feared)
六. There are too many people, so you should have bought a ticket in ____. (advance)
tourism知识点总结 第二篇
现在进行时的用法(is / am / are + doing)
一. 表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。 Look! The monkey is climbing the banana tree.
二. 表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。(说话时动作不一定正在进行。) We are preparing for the meeting to be held next Friday now.
三. 表示说话人现在对主语的行为表示赞叹、惊讶、厌恶等。(常与always, constantly, continually, all the time, forever 等副词连用)，表反复的动作。He is always think- ing of others. (表赞许) She is always asking the same question. (表厌恶) You are always changing your mind. (表抱怨)
四. 表示在最近计划或安排要进行的动作。常用于go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, work, stay 等表移动、方向的动词。He is starting the work in a few minutes. / He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow morning.
[注意]
一. 不用进行时的词有:
(一) 系动词: feel, sound, smell, taste, look, appear, seem, remain, prove 等。
(二) 表结果的感官动词: see, notice, hear 等。
(三) 非延续性的动词，此动作开始即是结束：enter, accept, receive等。
(四) 表心理状态，存在状态，拥有的动词：love, like, hate, care, dislike, respect, prefer, know, understand, forget, remember, believe, want, wish, hope, mind, agree, belong to, depend on, own, have等。
二. 用进行时的特殊词有系动词get, turn, grow, become, go, come, fall 等表由一种状态转入另一种状态时，用进行时表示渐近。Today, many rivers that were polluted are getting cleaner and cleaner. 当今，许多过去遭污染的河流又变得越来越清澈了。
[比较]
现在进行时表将来的用法与一般将来时的区别：
(一) 现在进行时表近期的，事先已经计划安排好的
-- How are you getting to the airport?
-- By taxi. Bob is coming with me to the airport.
(二) will do 和 shall do
① 表客观将来。shall用于第一人称，will用于第一、
二、三人称。I will / shall finish middle school next month.
② 表有科学根据的预测。The weather report says it will rain tomorrow.
③ 表客观必然。Man will make mistakes.
(三) be going to
① 表现在打算在近期或将来要做某事。I'm going to finish my homework tonight.
② 表根据已有迹象的预测。It's so dark outside, I think it's going to rain.
③ be going to不与come, go连用，而用be coming, be going 形式。Mary is coming here this evening.
[注意]
表计划、安排、规定要做的事，用“be + to do”。此外，表示按时刻表运行的动作常用一般现在时表将来。The meeting is to be held at 九:零零 a. m. / Our plane leaves at 六:零零 a. m. .
[牛刀小试三]
一. ____ you call me to say you're not coming, I'll see you at the theatre. (二零零四 吉林)
A. Though B. Whether C. Until D. Unless
二. Now that you've got a chance, you ____ make full use of it. (NMET 一九九九)
A. had better to B. might as well
C. might as well as D. would rather
三. It was evening ____ we reached the little town of Winchester. (二零零四 天津)
A. that B. until C. since D. before
四. There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, ____? (二零零四 上海春招)
A. didn't they B. don't they
C. mustn't they D. haven't they
五. The result of the experiment was very good, ____ we hadn't expected. (二零零零 北京春招)
A. when B. that C. which D. what
DBDDC
tourism知识点总结 第三篇
一. cut down
(一) 砍倒 If you cut down all the trees you will rain the land.
(二) 减少；削减 I have decided to cut down my smoking.
二.含get的短语
① get back 回来，恢复，送回
② get off下来，动身，起飞 ③ get up 起床，站起来
④ get on 上(车)
⑤ get on / along with 与某人相处．某事的进展
⑥ get together 聚首，碰头 ⑦ get away from 逃离
⑧ get on one's feet 站起来 ⑨ get down 下来
⑩ get on well with 与……相处融洽
get married 结婚 ? get to 到达
get through 通过，接通
get down to 开始着手做某事
get across (使)通过 ? get(a)round 传开，说服
get in 进入。收获 ? get out 出去，逃脱
[例句]How are you getting along with your business? 生意进展如何? / If you take Mary out for a drive you must promise to get her back for her music lesson. 如果你带玛丽去兜风的话，你必须答应带她回来上音乐课。/ I can't get my boots off, for they are too tight. 我脱不掉靴子，它太紧了。/ We all try to get together at least once a year at Christmas time. 在圣诞期间我们尽量一年至少聚会一次。/ When one has business on hand it is hard to get away from home. 如果一个人手头有事，离开家很难。
【考例】(二零零四辽宁) The final examination is coming up soon. It's time for us to ____ our studies．
A. get down to B. get out C. get back for D. get over
[考查目标] 此题主要考查get短语。
[答案与解析]A get down to 意为“开始着手做某事”；get out 意为“离开，摆脱”；get back for 意为“回去拿”；get over意为“克服，渡过”。本句话意思是：期末考试就要到了，我们该开始学习了。
【考例】(NMET 一九九三)Readers can ____ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.
A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through
[考查目标]此题主要考查get短语。
[答案与解析]C get over 意为“痊愈，克服”；get in 意为“插话”；get along 意为“进展．继续”；gel through 意为“接通。办完”。本句话意思是：读者不必准确知道每个词的意思就能继续下去。
三. get away (from)
(一) 摆脱 Ways must be found to get away from poverty.
(二)走开；离开 She didn't get away until nine last night.
(三)逃走，使离开The bank robbers used a stolen car to get away.
(四)拿走 Get all thee party dishes away!
四. get close to
(一) close adj. 靠近；接近
The church is close to the shops.
亲密；密切
Are you a close friend of theirs?
(二) close adv. 靠近；接近
He was standing close to the door.
(三) close v. 关上；关闭(不开发)；结束
She closed her eyes. / Her eyes closed. (闭上)
(四 ) closely adv. 紧密地；仔细地；密切地
He got closely in touch with the magazines of today.
The little baby was closely looked after by her.
[比较]
(一) close 与 closely 作副词时，close含具体之意，closely 含抽象之意。
(二) 类似的词组有 high (高) -- highly (高度地)，deep (深深地) -- deeply (深入地)，wide (很开，宽) -- widely (广 泛地)，low (低的)-- lowly (低贱的) (作形容词)
五. hand in 交上去(给老师或上级)；交来(hand v.)
Each student has to hand in a composition once a week.
[比较]
(一) hand down 传下来；传给 Our father handed down these customs to us.
(二) hand on…to…传给，传递They will hand the photograph to those who have not seen it.
(三) hand out 发给大家；散发 The teacher handed out the books at the beginning of the lesson．
六. instead of 代替……
(一) instead of + n. / pron.
Give me the red one instead 零f the green one.
(二) instead of + doing
We walked down the stairs instead of taking the elevator.
(三) instead of + 介词短语
He studies in the evening instead of during the day.
[比较]
(一) instead adv. 作为替代 (……而)，代替 If Harry is not well enough to go with you, take me instead.
(二) rather than 而不是，与其……宁愿 He ran rather than walked.
(三) in place of 代替，……而不用The Chinese use chopsticks in place of knives and forks.
七. 含take的短语
① take a picture 照相，拍照
② take a taxi / bus, etc. 打的(坐公交车等)
③ take away 拿走，夺取，使离去
④ take care of 小心，照料，保管
⑤ take off 脱，去掉，取消，起飞
⑥ take out 拿出，带……出去
⑦ take one's place 就坐，坐某人的座位，代替某人的位置
⑧ take place 发生，产生
⑨ take exercise 做运动
⑩ take a seat 坐下
take turns 轮流
take an active part in 积极参加
take a message 捎口信
take on 从事，呈现
take the place of 取代，代替
take apart 拆开
take down 拿下，记下
take...for... 误认为……
take in 吸收，接纳
take up 拿起．从事．占据
[例句] Father was convinced that Peter was unhappy at boarding school, and made arrangements to take him away. 父亲确信彼得在寄宿学校不开心，决定把他带走。/ Will you lake care of buying the wine for tonight's party? 你负责为今晚的晚会买酒水好吗? / The boys got into the car and took off for the drug store. 男孩们进到车里，开车去了药店。/ He took my place in the queue so that I could go and get something to eat. 他替我排好了队，以便我能够回
去弄点儿吃的。
八. used to
(一) used to do sth. 过去常常……(现在已不如此)
We used to grow beautiful roses.
注意：否定句和疑问句有两种
You usedn’t to make that mistake.
She didn't use(d) to do it, did she?
You used to smoke a pipe, didn't you? / use(d) n't you?
(二) be / get / become used to + n. / doing 习惯于
I have always been used to hard work.
He got used to living in the country.
(三) be used to do 被用来做……
This knife is used to cut bread.
表示“过去常常……”时，used to与would区别：
(一) would 只强调“过去常常……”，used to 说明现在不是如此。
The old woman would sit there for hours doing nothing.
(二) would 只接行为动词，used to 可接行为动词和表状态的词。如：be, like, know, have。There used to be a temple at the foot of the mountain.
九. watch out 当心；注意
You'll be cheated if you don't watch out.
(一) watch out for = look out for 提防；当心
You must always watch out for the traffic here!
(二) watch over 照看；看守；负责
The mother bird is watching over her young.
一零. 含“动词 + out”短语
① come out 出来，出版，传出
② go out 出去，熄灭，不时兴
③ look out 当心，注意
④ take out 拿出，取出，带……出去
⑤ rush out 冲出去，匆忙大量生产
⑥ try out 尝试，试验
⑦ watch out 小心
⑧ wear out 穿破，用坏，(使)疲乏，消磨
⑨ find out 找出，查出
⑩ make out 填写，完成．设法应付
get out 出去，逃离，泄露，公布
pick out 看出，选出
think out 想出
give out 发出，筋疲力尽
set out出发，陈述
[例句]Please go out and tell the children to make less noise. 请出去告诉孩子们不要吵闹。/ These bicycles have been rushed out and not up to our usual standard. 这些自行车匆忙大量生产，没有达到我们的正常标准。/ Watch out. The train is coming. 小心，火车来了。/ Your will wear out your patience in time, my friend. 朋友，最终我们会没有耐心的。
【考例】(二零零五湖北) This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can ____ my father.
A. find out B. pick out
C. look out D. speak out
[考查目标]此题主要考查out构成的短语意思区别。
[答案与解析]B pick out意为“挑选，辨别出”；find out意为“找出．发现”；look out意为“留神，注意”： speak out意为“大声说出”。
[牛刀小试二]
请根据句意，选用所给短语的适当形式填空：
(get away，take up，take on，think out，get down to)
一. -- Shall we set off right now? -- Sorry. I'm too busy to ____ for the moment. (get away)
二. The final examination is coming: you really must ____ your studies. (get down)
三. The manager doesn't have much free time as his work ____ nearly all his spare time. (takes up)
四. We also shared a number of qualities which we fell were in our favor when we ____ the task. (took on)
五. He might have ___his idea about the art exhibition much better, if he had planned what he wanted to say. (thought out)
tourism知识点总结 第四篇
一. It’s time to go home./ play computer games./ for school.（It’s time to do/for sth）是回家/玩电子游戏/上学的时候了。
’s bad for you to spit on the ground. 随地吐痰不好。(It’s bad for sb to do sth.)Smoking is bad for your health. 抽烟不利于你的健康。Too many sweets are bad for your teeth. 吃过多的糖对你的牙齿有害。
三. It took me half an hour to fall asleep last night.昨天夜里我花了半个小时才入睡。(It takes sb. sometime to do sth.)
四. You’d better put away all your clothes./go over your homework again.你最好把你的衣服收好/再检查一遍你的作业。(You’d better do sth.)You’d better not go until your aunt arrives. 你最好等你的姨妈到了以后再走。
’s wrong with the animal?这动物怎么啦？(what’s wrong with)
六. Before the operation he used to have a headache. (used to do)在未动手术之前，他以前经常头痛。I used to go hiking when I was young. 我年轻时经常外出徒步旅行。
’d like to go there on foot. / by bus. (would like to do)我愿意步行/坐公共汽车到那儿去。Would you like him to make a phone call to you? 您愿意他打电话给您么?
八. I can’t wait to pack my bag. (can’t wait to do)我等不及打我的包了。
九. Let’s hurry so that we can get there before supper. (so that目的是,以便于)让我们抓紧时间，这样才能在晚饭前赶到那里。My father lives so far away that we hardly see him. (so+adj\adv+that如此…以至于)我父亲住在很远的地方，以至于我们难得见到他。
一零. The harder you work, the higher marks you’ll get.(the+adj.比较级，the+adj.比较级 越来越…….)你学习越努力，你的成绩就越好。
’t be late for the concert.去听音乐会可别迟到了。(be late for)
一二. It’s said that he gets on well with others.据说他和别人相处的很好。(get on well with sb.)
一三. He enjoys reading in bed. (enjoy doing)他躺在床上津津有味地看书。She kept on working although she was tired. (keep on doing)她虽然累了，但仍然继续工作。They are busy getting ready for the party. (be busy doing)他们正忙着为聚会作准备。
一四. He often tells me not to play a joke on the old people. (tell sb. to do)他经常告戒我不要和老年人开玩笑。Miss Gao told me not to be late for class.高老师告诉我上课别迟到。
一五. I saw the man pull a gun out of his pocket.(see sb. do\doing)我看见那人从口袋里掏出了一把枪.When we were walking across the bridge, we saw a boy fall into the river.当我们过桥的时候，我们看见一个男孩儿掉进河里。I heard someone shout “ Fire!” and then I heard people running and shouting.我听到有人高喊“着火啦！”，接着我又听到人们在边跑边喊。(hear sb. do\doing)
一六. They made us play football in the rain.他们让我们冒雨踢足球。(make sb. do)
一七. The girl is too young to get married. (too…to…)这姑娘还太年幼，还不能结婚。The hotel is too expensive for us to stay in.这宾馆收费太贵了，我们可住不起。
一八. He is not only a writer but also an actor. (not only…but also…)他不但是一位作家，还是一位演员。
一九. I prefer trains to buses. （prefer sth. to sth.）我喜欢火车，不喜欢公共汽车。He prefers traveling by train to sitting in a bus. (prefer doing to doing)他喜欢坐火车旅行，而不喜欢坐公共汽车旅行。
he and his father do morning exercises every day. (both…and…)他和他父亲每天都做早操。
she nor I failed the history exam.( neither…nor…)她和我历史考试都没有不及格。
二二. He will come back either this Sunday or Saturday. (either…or…)他将于星期日或星期六回来。
二三. The TV play didn’t start until ten o’clock last night. (not…..until)
昨天夜里电视剧十点钟才开始。
’m afraid of flying. (be afraid of doing)我害怕乘坐飞机。He feels afraid to tell his wife what he has done. (be afraid to do)他不敢把自己做的事告诉妻子。
don’t think the meeting room can hold two hundred people. (think的否定转移)我想这间会议室容纳不下二百人。
二六. Stop making that noise.别这么吵闹。（stop doing\to do）We stopped (walking) to have lunch in a village pub.我们停下来在一家乡村小酒馆吃午饭.
’s dangerous (for you) to drive so fast. (It’s +adj.+for\of sb to do)（你）车开得这么快是危险的。It’s impossible for him to work out this maths problem.他解出这道数学题是不可能的。I found it impossible to work out this maths problem. (find it+adj.+to do)我发现他解出这道数学题是不可能的。
二八. He showed me his new suit. / He showed his new suit to me.他向我展示他的新服装。（两种方法） (show sb. sth. / show sth. to sb. )She bought a dress for me. She bought me a new dress.她给我买了一件连衣裙。(buy sb. sth./buy sth. for sb.)
二九. She spent a lot of money on clothes. (spend time/money on sth.)她花很多钱买衣服。She spent a lot of time (in) surfing. (spend time/money in doing )她花很多时间玩冲浪。He paid $一零 for the book.(pay for sth.)The book cost him $一零.(sth. cost money)他花了一零美元买这本书。（两种方法）
三零. What do you mean by “baozi”?( what do you mean…)“baozi”是什么意思？
三一. What/How about having a rest? /(having) a try? (What/How about + doing)休息一会儿/尝试一下怎么样？
三二. Why not make friends with him? (Why not do)（why don’t you do）何不跟他交个朋友？
三三. It’s better to make up your mind. (It’s better\best to do)你最好下定决心。It’s best to wear silk clothes in summer.在夏季最好穿丝绸衣服。
三四. The river is 五零 kilometres long and two metres deep.这条河有五零公里长两米深。
三五. Your cake is as delicious as mine.(as…as…)你的蛋糕和我的蛋糕一样好吃。He doesn’t run so / as fast as you.他不如我跑得快。
三六. He often helps me with my Chinese. (help sb. with sth.)他经常帮助我学习语文（或中文）。He often helps me do the homework. (help sb. do sth.)他经常帮助我做家庭作业。
三七. What do you think of the novel?( what do you think of/ how do you like)How do you like the novel?你认为这本小说怎么样？（两种方法）
三八. He likes cooking very much. So do I. / So does he.(so+倒装语序)他非常喜欢做饭。我也一样。/他也一样。He is American. So is Jim.他是美国人。吉姆也是。
’t forget to post the letter on your way home.别忘了在你回家的路上把这封信寄了。(forget\ remember to do\doing)Did you remember to send your mother a birthday card last week?上星期你没有忘记给你母亲寄生日卡吧？I’ll never forget seeing the girl for the first time.我将终生难忘初次见到那位姑娘的情景。
四零. Forests help tokeep water from running away. (keep\stop\prevent from doing)森林有助于防止水分流失。The Great Green Wall will stop the sand from moving towards the rich farmland.绿色长城将阻挡沙子侵蚀肥沃的农田。
四一. I prefer to do shopping on the Internet rather than go to the shop.比起去商店购物，我更喜欢网上购物。(prefer to do rather than do)
四二. He has nothing to do with the club. (have nothing to do with)他和那家俱乐部没有关系。
四三. Tom made such a noise that his sister told him to be quiet.(such…that…)汤姆太吵闹了以至他姐姐叫他安静点。His idea was such a good one that we all agreed to use it.他的想法是如此的好以至我们一致同意采纳它。
四四. We are proud of what you’ve done. (be proud of)我们为你所做的感到骄傲。We are proud of our city.我们为我们的城市感到自豪。
四五. Beijing is famous for its many places of interest in the world.( be famous for)北京因为众多名胜古迹而闻名世界。
students are getting ready for the coming sports meeting.学生们正在为即将到来的运动会做准备。(be/ get ready for ,be prepare for)
is something wrong with my bicycle .can you help me with it?我的自行车出了问题,你能帮我修理吗?( there is something wrong with)
’ll call you as soon as I arrive in shanghai。( as soon as)我一到上海就给你打电话。
is good at dancing。(be good at ,do well in)她擅长跳舞.
are interested in animals。( be interested in)他们对动物感兴趣。